Method of sinking shafts in loose and watery strata.



- E. LARDY. METHOD or SINKING SHAFTS IN LOOSE AND WA'BEBY STRATA.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 9, 1910. r 1,003, 141. Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO- WASHINOTON, D- C.

E. LARDY. METHOD OF SINKING SHAFTS IN LOOSE AND WATERY STRATA.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1910. 1,003, 141

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

cum 1:

COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH co.. WASHINGTON. D. c.

Patented Sept. 12,1911.

TiNTTE I %TAT ATNT @FFICE.

EIVIIL LARDY, 0F M'fi'NST-ER, WESTPHALIA, GERMANY.

METHOD OF SINKING SI-IAFTS IN LOOSE AND VIATERY STRATA.

rooarar.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Burn LARDY, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Augustastrasse 28, Munster, /Vestphalia, Germany, have invented a new and useful Method of Sinking Shafts in Loose and Watery Strata, of which the following is a specification.

The lining of vertical shafts by substructing is attended with difliculties, when the shaft has to be sunk in .loose and watery strata, and since the wall of the shaft must be bare from the lowest lining section to the bottom, the loose earth can at any time collapse or fall into the shaft.

Now, my invention has for its object, a method whereby the lining sections can be applied to loose, watery strata with facility and to this end I make use of a sinking cylinder which is introduced in advance of and around the lowermost section of the lining. The said cylinder always incloses the lowermost section of the already laid ferro concrete or beton lining and so prevents the sides of the shaft being affected by the falling in or collapse of the loose earth. The shaft is sunk by forcing or displacing the earth at the bottom by the weight of the cylinder. The pressure which it has hitherto been necessary to apply during the sinking process proper is absolutely unnecessary with my improvements owing to the shortness of the cylinder, which renders the friction inconsiderable. As the cylinder moves downward the material included by the lower portion of the same is removed in any preferred manner.

To enable my invention to be fully understood T will describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a section of the top of a shaft sunk by means of a cylinder according to my invention, and Fig. 2 is a section of the shaft illustrating the operation when one part of the suspended lining has been fitted. Figs. 3 and a are partial vertical sectional views in which the sectional supporting rods are indicated in dotted lines.

The sinking operation is carried out in the following manner. At the top of the shaft, the cast iron cylinder (1 which is about 4 to 6 meters high, is lowered into the earth to such a depth as to leave suflicie-nt room at the top for a concrete suspension ring I), which may be of approximately one'to two Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. June 9, 1910.

Patented Sept. 12, 1911.

Serial No. 566,065.

meters in width and of the same or less vertical extent. This cylinder at consists of a number of rings having strengthening ribs or flanges c. To prevent the strengthening ribs or flanges 0 from catching against the lining the space between the ribs is filled up with wood blocks a, or when it is required to increase the weight of the structure, lead is used instead of wood. In front of the cylinder a, and at a distance of about 4: centimeters therefrom a sectional suspension lining is introduced and secured for example by means of vertical rods. Iron tubing may be used instead of ferro concrete lining the sections of which may be connected together by means of screws. The sections of the lining are preferably as shown in the drawing, provided with outwardly projecting ribs or flanges f. The removal of the materials within the lower portion of the cylinder, as hereinbefore referred to,facilitates the further progress of the cylinder. Nhen the cylinder has sunk to the level of the rib f of the last suspension ring, the intermediate space between the lining and the earth is filled up with cement or mortar. The further procedure and the use of the construction platform 6 is illustrated in Fig. 2. This suspension ring or construction platform is employed to receive and support each newly introduced section of the llning in position beneath the previously placed sections until it can be secured by the appropriate sections of the supporting rods. To afford the lining a better hold, the wall of the shaft is frequently undercut at one side, whereby the abut-ments s are produced.

To prevent the loose earth falling through between the cylinder and the lining during the further advance of the cylinder, a packing ring t is provided on the flange f at the bottom of the last lining ring and closes the passage between the lining and the cylinder. The packing ring t consists of linen which is filled with moss, chaff or turf, and only allows of the passage of water, that is it prevents solid masses passing through.

My improved method has the following advantages over the usual method of sinking. The diameter of the shaft does not decrease. The sinking does not require great power and moreover all pressure, through which, during the old methods, the sinking cylinders became deformed, is dispensed with. The shaft is sunk in less time than hitherto, and the depth is in no way limited.

1. The method of sinking shafts in loose Watery strata, which consists in sinking a hollow cylinder and removing the included materlal, then fitting a lining Within the upper end of said cylinder and supporting the same from above until the completion of said shaft.

2. The method of sinking shafts in loose watery strata, which consists in sinking a hollow cylinder mainly by its own weight,

and removing the included materials, then fitting a permanent lining within the upper end of said cylinder and supporting said lining from above until the completion of said shaft, said process including the prevention of the falling of course materials between the lining and cylinder by a pervious packing between them.

3. The method of sinking shafts in loose watery strata, which consists in sinking a hollow cylinder, removing the included materials, then fitting a lining within the upper end of said cylinder, and supporting the said lining from above until the completion of the shaft, then filling the space between the lining and the earth with cement.

EMIL LARDY.

Vitnesses Gnnr. BoNA, M. KNEPPERS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D.-C. 

